Valve mechanism for air-compressors.



x A J. AsTRoM.

. VALVE MEGHANISM FOR AIB GOMPBESSOBS. APPLIUATION FILED 23.29, 1910. n

Patented Mgr. 7, 1911.

Jona nennen, V or roar WAYNE, INDIANA.

vanvn nnonamsm ron amcorxrnnssoas To all whom it ma commi:

Fort Wayne, Indiana, have invented `Valve Mechanism for Air-Compressors,`of which the following'is a specification.

My invention relates to air-compressors of the' reciprocating type, in which a iston reciprocates Within a cylinder which is connecte'd ,with `inta-kof and outlet-valves at the end thereof; and In invention has 'for its object, first, to provi e a simple and e'icient aran ment of valve-mechanism whereby the c earance-space due to the valves is materially reduced; and secondly, to provide a construction in which the unequal expansion of parts due to heat of compression yis to a great lextent neutralized and thereby air-leaks avoided which are the cause of frequent troubles andloss ofeiciency.

In my invention I provide a concentric arrangement of the `valve-mechanism, which is situated in the head of and concentric with the cylinder; the intakevalve beiner central and having its face normally flus with' the inner face of the cylinder-head, while the outletor exhaust-valve.surrounds the intake-valve annularly and isloeated in an annular chamber which is separatedby a cylindricalpartition-wall from the intakechamber.

'The nature of my invention Willzbest'be ui'idetrstooidv by a consideration of the accompanying drawings, which show the most iin-- proved' embodiment of m'y invention, taken in connection with the'following detail description therein?. f

In these drawings Figure 1 is apl'an-view of the cyVlinder-head and valve-mechanism, partl in section' on the plane 1, and Fig. 2 1s a ongitudinal section of the same and of the upper port-ion of the cylinder.

these, drawings every reference character refers to the same part in each figure. i At A is shownone end of an ordinary compressor-cylinder, in lwhich is recipro cated thel iston B by means of the pistonrod lC. e-cylinder-head. consists of tvvol concentric parts, viz., an innenhead D and an outerhead which are firmly and hermetically secured to each other and tothe cylinder A by means of bolts M passing 4 through-the flanges a', d', and e of said threefelements. Theinner head D i'spro- `vided with a central cylindrical portion on the outer side of which, at some distance Speeiiicatinn o! Letters Patent. Apputinnvmd april 29, 19in. anni N0. 558,408.

i Parental Mar. v, 1911.

l from the flange d', is formed a shoulder d, 'Be it known t at I, JOHN ABTROM, of-

and the outer head ,E is provided with a p faced internal flange c2 which is made to fit.

neatly upon the shoulder d2 at the same time that the flanges a', rl', and e are bolted together, thus making an air-tight joint at this point. The abutting surfaces may be ground to fit so that the two joints are made accurately, and 'to assist in the tightness of the upper joint there is provided a nut F which is screwed down upon the threaded end d3 of the inner head D. This construction provides, as will be seen, an inner central chamber d, which is the intake-passage, and an outer annular chamber e, Which is a part of the exhaust-passage and is cennected by any passageway e* With a pipe or other conduit leading to a compression-tank.

In the intake-passage d* is located the intakeor suction-valve G, which, as will be seen,`l1as a circular bevel-edged head 'g' litting neatly upon a beveled seat h' on the innerend of a lining sleeve H, which its With a driving it in the inner faced end of the passage d4, and, as will be seen, the inner face of the head g lies flush with the'inner face of the inner head D. Said valve G isv separated and guided in a sleeve h'f which forms a part of liner H and is connected therewith by radial arms 71,3; and said valve is held normally closed by a coiled compression-sprin' I, which abuts upon the arms h3 and a was er g2 mounted on the outer end of the stem of the valve Gand secured in lplace by anut g3.g

The outer chamber e3 is connected with the cylinder by means of a circularly disposed series of ports d5 lor passages formed in the s" Iretires, theexcess of pressure outside the This valve opens outwardly into the cylinder causes the valve G to open in- Wardly, admitting air to the cylinder,- While the valve'J is held closed by the excess of s pressure in the chamber e3,- and when the' piston advances, raisin the pressure inthe cylinder, such excess o pressure 1n conJunction with the sprin I causes the valve G to close and remain c osed, while as the pressure rises above equality with that in the exhaust-chamber es the valve J is raised against the pressure of the spring K and the air escapes into said exhaust-chamber, from which it is conveyed to the compressiontanlr.

It will be seen that the arrangement of parts is such that there is no clearance-space due to the intake-valve, and the only c earance-space due to the exhaust-valve is that of the short ports d5. The total cylinderclearance can therefore, in this desi n of cylinder-head, be made unusually sma l and Vthe efliciency of the compressor correspondingly high. Further, it will be observed that the cylindrical walls of both the inner and outer heads are on one side exposed to the temperature of the outside air and on the other side to the temperature of the air heated by compression. The mean temperature of these walls will therefore be a proximately thesame, whereby all the di culties due to unequal expansion and possible stresses causing breakage, deformation, and leaks i n the g'ioints and valves are practically eliminate I do not wish it understood that my in readily occur to those skilled in the art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure .by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a compressorcylinder of innerand outer cylindrical heads, the inner head havin a central passageway and the outer head eing separated therefrom by an annular chamber and there being passages connecting said chamber with the cylinder, a valve opening in one direction in said passageway, and a valve covering said passages and opening in the other direction.

2. The combination with acompressor-cylinder of inner and outer cylindrical heads, said inner head containing a central passa eway, an inwardly opening intake-valve ocated in said passageway and normally closing the same, there being an annular chamber between the inner and outer head and passages connecting said chamber with the cylinder, and an annular outlet-valve opening outwardly and normally closing said passages.

' 3.' The combination with a compressor-cylinder of inner and outer cylindrical heads,

the. inner head havin a central passageway and the outer head eing separated therefrom by an annular chamber and there being passa es connecting said chamber with the cylin er and a sin le normally closed valve coverin all of sald passages.

4. The comination with a compressor-cylinder of inner and outer cylindrical' heads, the'inner head having a central passageway and being united with the outer head by hermetic joints lat each end and being spacedl apart therefrom in the center, leaving an annular chamber, passa esv connectingsaid chamber with the. cylin er, means normally closing said passages and opening by gaspressure in one direction, and means normally closing said central passageway and opening by gas-pressure in the opposite direction. v

5. The combination with acompressor-cylinder of inner and outer cylindrical heads, the inner head having acentral passageway and being unl-ted with the outer head by hermetic ljoints at each en d and being spaced apart therefrom in the center, leaving an annular chamber, passages connecting said chamber with the cylinder, a single annularvalve in said chamber, and means for yieldingly 4holding said valve in a position to close said assages.

6. n combination with a compressor-cylinder, an .inner head and an outer head mounted concentrically u on the end of the cylinder,'said inner hea each having a cylindrical portionl and co-acting surfaces at a distance from the-cylinder which form a hermetic 'oint leaving an annular chamber between t em, said inner head having a central .tubular passageway, and valve-mechanism mounted in said passageway and chamber.

and outerhead ico 7. The combination with a compressor-cylinder of an inner head havin an annular iange and a cylindrical. portlon rovided with a faced shoulder; an .outer hea havin `a marginal annular'ange fittingupon sai lirst-named flange a cylindrical plortion parallel to and at a distance from t e cylindrical portion offsaid inner head leaving -between them an annular chamber, and an internal annular iange jcoacting with said `shoulder and forming a hermetic ioint therewith when the two-marginal ianges are hermetically superposed; t ere lsages connecting said chamber with said cyl- 1n er said passages.

8. he combination with-a compressor-c 1- 4inder of an inner head havingan-ann ar iange and -a cylindrical portion inclosing a being .pas-- v and valve-mechanism adapted toclose.

central assageway and providedexterlorly with a aced shoulder; an outer head' havin a marginal annular flange fitting upon rical portion of said inner head leaving be,-

tween them -n annular chamber, and an in'- ternal annular flange coacting with said n i 7 y 986,122

\ shoulder and forming a hermetic joint therello with when the two marginal flanges arehermeti'cally superposed; there bein passages conneetin said chamber with sai cylinder; an inwar l opening intake-valve normally closing sai central passageway and having a disl faee which lies flush with the inner face of said inner head; and means for normally closing said passages.

9. The combination with acompressoreylinder of an inner head having an annular flange and a cylindrical portion provided with an external faced shoulder; an outer head having a marginal annular flange fit* ting upon saidfirst-named flange, a cylinortion parallel to and at adistancey from t e cylindrical portionof said inner head, and an internal annular [lange coacting with`said shoulder land forming a hermetic 'joint therewith when the two marginal flanges are hermetically superposed; there being ajcharnber inclosed between-said inner and outer heads and passagesconnecting said chamber with said cylinder; an annular outlet valve surroundin the cylindrical p0rtion of said inner hea and normally closing said passages,and means for normally holding said annular valve in closed position.

In witness'whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 25th day of A ril, 1910.

' 'JPOHN ASTROM. Witnesses M. SM1rHPnTERsEN,

OSCAR L. RHoADs. 

